Council House 2 (CH2) is a 10-storey office building for about 540 City of Melbourne staff, with ground-floor retail spaces and underground parking. It is a visionary new building with the potential to change forever the way Australia - indeed the world - approaches ecologically sustainable design. The Green Building Council of Australia awarded CH2 six Green Stars which represents world leadership in office building design. Among other innovations, this project demonstrates effective solutions to reducing overall water consumption and achieving maximum reuse of rainwater, fire sprinkler test water and sewerage directed wastewater in a high-rise office building:
Water consumption reduction: To reduce water consumption, all water fittings will have AAAA (highest) ratings, all toilets will be dual flush and all urinals will have sensor-triggered flushing.
Potable (drinking) water: Safety regulations require that the fire safety sprinkler system be tested regularly, which uses large volumes of potable water. In CH2, this water will be recycled, thus contributing about 25 percent of potable water used in CH2.
On-site treatment (sewer mining): About 100,000 litres per day of wastewater will be pumped from the sewer main in Little Collins Street. The pollutant content in wastewater is small - a sewer normally carries 95 percent water, which is a valuable resource if it can be separated and recycled. In CH2, this sewage, along with any wastewater generated on site, will be put through a sophisticated Multiple Water Reuse (MWR) plant, which is designed to purify it to a very high degree and to return pollutants back to the sewer. The recovered water is reused ons ite for various non-potable applications such as toilet flushing, air condition cooling water makeup, landscape irrigation and offsite uses including fountain make-up and street cleaning. An added benefit of sewer mining is that it reduces the flow of wastewater to Melbourne’s sewage treatment plant.
Non-potable water: Together, the MWR and collected rainwater will supply 100 percent of non-potable water for cooling, toilet flushing, and plant watering.
Together, the above measures will reduce the demand for mains potable water by more than 70 percent to about 8.4 litres per person and day.
Multiple Water Reuse (MWR) is a technology that has been developed and proven suitable for sewer mining (black- and greywater) by the CRC for Waste Management and Pollution Control. MWR uses a multi-barrier treatment system consisting of ultrafiltration, desalination by reverse osmosis and disinfection to produce Class A water quality. The unique non-biological processes used in MWR make it suitable for the treatment of variable strength wastewater. Its small footprint, low odour, intermittent operation and high level of remote controlled automation mean that the technology is ideal for smart building developments such as CH2. Today, MWR technology is being used in several Green Star office and residential developments.
Sources:
Sustainability and Innovation Division, City of Melbourne
P. J. Cooper (2005): Desalination in the City of Melbourne. Electronic publication (o5280) in Ozwater Watershed: The Turning Point for Water. AWA, Brisbane.
Links:
CH2 factsheet describing all innovations of Council House 2, including water, energy, climate control, etc. (PDF, 95 kB)
HSB Turning Torso is a skyscraper in Malmö, Sweden, located on the Swedish side of the Öresund strait. It was designed by the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava and officially opened on 27 August 2005. The tower reaches a height of 190 metres (623 feet) with 54 stories. Upon completion, it was the tallest building in Scandinavia, and Europe's second highest apartment building, after the 264-metre-high Triumph-Palace in Moscow.
The 84 metre high Kronprinsen was the tallest building in Malmö before Turning Torso.
The design is based on a sculpture by Santiago Calatrava called Twisting Torso. It uses nine five-story cubes that twist as it rises; the top-most segment is twisted ninety degrees clockwise with respect to the ground floor. Each floor basically consists of a rectangular section surrounding the central core, along with a triangular section, which is partially supported by an exterior steel scaffold. The two bottom cubes are intended as office space. Cubes three to nine house 149 luxury apartments.
The Twisting Torso sculpture is a white marble piece based on the form of a twisting human being. Johnny Örbäck, former CEO of the Turning Torso contractor and Board Chairman of the Malmö branch of the co-operative housing association HSB, saw the sculpture in 1999 and contacted Calatrava to ask him to design a building using the same concept. Construction started in the summer of 2001.
One reason for the building of Turning Torso was to reestablish a recognizable skyline for Malmö since the removal of the Kockums Crane in 2002, which was located less than a kilometre from Turning Torso. The local politicians deemed it important for the inhabitants to have a symbol for Malmö — Kockumskranen, which was a large crane that had been used for ship building somewhat symbolised the city's blue collar roots. Turning Torso can be seen as a monument of a new, more internationalised Malmö.
The construction of Turning Torso was featured in an episode of the Discovery Channel's series Extreme Engineering.
"Ubiquitous City is not just a theory or a story. It has become real for the real time and the real people"story. It has become real for the real time and the real people,"
Park Jin-sik, PhD, assistant Vice President of u-City Consulting Department at KT Biz Consulting Bureau, stated at an interview. u-City stands for ubiquitous city, a new technology that combines Information Technology and construction.
This new business has been giving KT a new opportunity and is becoming a blue ocean that will contribute to develop both the IT industry and the city. This reporter conducted an interview to catch up with the news about a u-City running in Dongtan New Town.
Assistant Vice President PhD Park Jinsik defines the u-City as a 21 century Korean city where the newest information and communication infrastructure and ubiquitous information service are combined in a city space to improve a quality of city life. "u-City will not onl��y improve the quality of city life, but will also guarantee safety and improve the welfare of citizens." Assistant Vice President PhD Park continued: "I believe that U-city will vitalize city industries such as u-IT technology, IT services, and construction inducing each city's specialized industries to contribute to increasing both urban and rural competitiveness." By working on the project to build the u- City, KT seeks a new market opportunity by using its newest IT skill to apply to the development of the city.
"Is it possible?" would be the question most would ask. Here the Park answered: "It has already been possible in many areas." He continued: "u-IT technology itself is not a whole new idea. Since it is adapted from previous information technology, it is a possible idea that can happen in the near future. Some of the technologies such as RFID already exist today in realization while the others like Dust Chips require further study." Then what can be done to make it happen any sooner? "That would be finding the marketing requirements on u-IT technology and the social infrastructure to hold the technology," the Assistant Vice President.
According to him, it is not the technology we have that is delaying the establishment. It is the lack of demand that causes the high price of a technology. KT is putting efforts in creating the market that is needed for u-IT technology and building the partnership to establish social infrastructure.
Since the accomplishment of the strategy building at Incheon Free Economic Zone (IFEZ) in 2005, "Dongtan and Heungdok New City were promoted with the land construction along with the Paju New City's housing construction," Park noted about the current status of the city establishment. "Previously, u-City Reference was established in Busan.
Dongtan New City, in particular, built the u-City as the world's first and is test running at this point. By the end of this year, a second service will be added to establish a complete u-City." Also Busan is the first case to apply the ubiquitous concept in the city that allows one�� to use information anytime and anywhere.
Then is it KT alone that is working on such a huge project to build a new city? And what kind of technology does KT have at this point? Assistant Vice President PhD Park replied: "The technology KT possesses at this point is divided into two kinds. They are internal technology and adapted technology." First is KT's internal technology that can be adapted to the u-City project. The second is the adapted technology that builds a partnership with expert companies in many different sections.
He further noted: "Technologies like network infrastructure, solutions and services are being combined to revive as suitable services for u-City." Also, new marketing demands are noted as running the business to develop the technology for the future.
"KT is very proud of the Ubiquitous City Administration Hub with Network (Ubi-Cahn). It is KT's own invention that is put on Dongtan New City," Assistant Vice President PhD Park stated. This is the technology that is needed for effective maintenance of the city. "Every sensor will be controlled by the Ubi- Cahn," he continued, "for instance, Ubi- Cahn will be in control of sensors to detect speeding cars, automatically read the driver's identity, and send a text message to the driver to give a warning or comments."
A lot of sensors that support citizen security and safety are already planned to be tested in Dongtan New City besides the case mentioned above. Some of them are the stories we have heard before like putting a sensor on animals to prevent them from any disastrous infections, and others are brand new ideas that no one�� could imagine before. Going back to the topic of partnership KT has been filing as its one�� of the priorities, "KT is onl��y serving as a coordinator of the u-City project," the Assistant Vice President started. "It is KT's duty to bring each company's valuable technologies together to apply in the u-City business and based on its experience endless attempts to improve the relating technology will follow." These efforts will contribute to the overall IT industry and the country's technology development.
Similar u-City projects are rolling out throughout the world as well. In the United States, wireless city business is establishing in some cities such as San Francisco and Philadelphia. In Japan, ubiquitous business such as the Ginza RFID testing business is running. And Southeast Asian countries like Malaysia, Hong Kong, Taiwan and India are also on their way to build IT based cities.
"However, Korea's u-City stands out for its larger scale. The objective is for u-IT to be applied in all of the city areas to recharge every resident's quality of life. We discuss and get approvals on every plan with central government, enterprises, citizens, and every other relating party.
That would be another factor to make Korean u-city to stand out," Park added. The most attention grabbing news would be u-City's plan to reach overseas.
"Countries like Dubai, Algeria, Taiwan, Singapore, Qatar, Vietnam, and Malaysia are showing their high interest in the u- City project, and different forms of partnerships or business are about to be made with most of them," Park shared. The government is on its way to support launching overseas to use u-City as one�� of its foreign construction distribution strategies. It is trying to carve out path for overseas construction markets. "u- City technology makes a great export product, yet the strategic approach is needed," he added. "We are planning to run the city for a cycle to build experience and be attentive to our u-City customers' further needs and value. The research and development project will be consistently followed to add improvement."
In order to build a successful u-City, "standardization is needed in service models, technology, and authentication areas," he suggested. According to his suggestion, a standard service model for all cities need to be made from each city's specialized service models. Standard technology is also needed to link individual services to city converged platforms.
Moreover, restrictions to build u-Cities needs to be reconsidered and provided with the supporting regulations. The Korean government is taking the u-City Construction Supporting Regulation in consideration to assist its standardization.
For all the talk about Second Life, you' d think it was the most popular virtual world on the Internet. After all, IBM has its own island there. Harvard holds classes there. And anyone who can figure out how to get around in it — a notoriously difficult task for newbies — can gamble, play tennis and even have virtual sex there.
But web insiders know that kids and teenagers are actually virtual worlds' biggest aficionados, and they've got their own favorite hangouts. While 3.5 million people worldwide visited Second Life in March, according to comScore World Metrix, virtual worlds for the younger set, such as clubpenguin.com and stardoll.com, each got more than 4.5 million visitors during the same period. These and similar sites such as gaiaonline.com and habbohotel.com are particularly popular with girls, in part because of the virtual "dress up" features that enable users to create and purchase endless outfit changes.
Now IAC/InterActiveCorp, which owns popular sites like match.com, ask.com and citysearch.com, has launched a youth-oriented virtual world of its own called Zwinktopia, which lets members customize avatars, play games and explore cartoon-like chat rooms. Unveiled April 30 and aimed at netheads aged 13 to 34, the site is entirely free. Members earn virtual "Zbucks" by playing games, meeting new people, and exploring different parts of Zwinktopia, including its café, stadium, arcades and pixelated beach.
Zwinktopia's design is simplistic and really easy to learn how to use. Teens can choose from hundreds of outfits, hairstyles, even pets, and then head to the mall for even more choices in the Surf Shop, the Castle (for medieval attire), or the University Club (for preppies). Onc e you've perfected your look, you can start earning points (for buying even more clothes) by hitting the arcade or heading over to Kingpin Korner. Games like Zwinky Bowl are easy: just press the space bar on your keyboard to release the bowling ball and watch the pins fly. As you walk through the pizza parlor, the nightclub and coffee shop, you'll meet new people with whom you can chat, play frisbee or flirt.
Before parents set their kids loose in Zwinktopia or any other virtual world, however, they should know there is nothing to prevent, say, a pedophile from joining the site and masquerading as a 13-year-old girl. Although some sites aimed at younger kids, such as Disney' s ToonTown and Ganz' s Webkinz, onl y let members exchange canned messages, on Zwinktopia kids are free to type their own messages. However, swear words and sexually explicit comments get replaced with a "bleep." And while there is no age verification process, members who claim to be 17 or younger are directed to chat areas separate from older members. On the site' s opening night, conversations on the virtual beach called "Splash" went like this: "If u wanna hook up with me, say 123," wrote one person. "123" says another. "Ok, let' s kiss then." Other members were swapping their MySpace addresses and asking for e-mail addresses. There's even a video chat feature built in that lets kids activate their webcams.
While members can report offensive comments and the site keeps a log of all chats, IAC is taking a hands-off approach to monitoring what goes on at Zwinktopia. "It' s going to be a learning process," says Dorcas Casey, IAC's director of product strategy, when asked where the company draws the line on inappropriate behavior. If Zwinktopia really hopes to attract kids aged 13 and up without sending their parents into cardiac arrest, it might want to speed that process up.
버지니아, 해리슨버그 도시는 도시 전체의 IPv6 보급으로 모바일 폰 거래, 선명한 인터넷 비디오 같은 다양하고 새로운 인터넷 기반 서비스를 경험할 것이다. 워싱턴 D.C 남서쪽 209KM 떨어진 해리슨버그는 금년 3분기에 도시 전체에 IPv6 네트워크를 갖는 최초의 미국 도시가 될 것이다. 이 도시는 브랜드 이름을 “미래의 도시”라고 명명했으며 IPv4를 계승한 IPv6의 테스트 베드가 될 것을 희망하고 있다.
해리슨버그는 이 프로젝트를 지역 대학인 제임스 메디슨 대학과 공동작업하고 있으며 이 대학은 이 네트워크를 이용하여 가상 교육 서비스를 보급할 예정이다. 궁극적으로 이 서비스는 교육, 교실 등 아직까지 생각 못했던 교육 서비스를 제공할 것이며 많은 어플리케이션이 이 도시 거주민에게 우선적으로 서비스될 것이다.
컴퓨터와 연결된 IPv6은 모바일 폰 사용자에게 기차, 연주회 표를 구매하거나 종이 티켓 대신에 모바일 폰 상에 표시된 바코드를 다운로드하는 등의 모바일 상거래를 가능하게 할 것이다. 또한 IPv6의 네트워크는 인터넷 기반 비디오 서비스 제공 비용을 효율적으로 만들 것이다. 케이블이나 위성 업체와의 계약 없이 독립적인 TV 방송국이 IPv6 네트워크로 가능할 것이다.
거의 무한대의 네트워크 주소 공간을 가진 IPv6은 문서에 그들 자신의 고유 네트워크 주소를 가지게 하여 웹 기반 공증 서비스와 인증의 새로운 분야를 만들 것이다. 해리스버그 도시는 음성, 데이터, 지도 서비스 등을 비상 대응 기관에 IPv6으로 제공할 것이다. 비상대응 기관들은 아직 이러한 통합 데이터의 잠재성을 인식 못하고 있다. 이 도시는 곧 8개의 IPv6 제품을 시연할 예정이다.